HVAC Trade Schools

By completing vocational training at an HVAC trade school, you can become well-equipped to join this fast-expanding and diverse trade. HVAC technicians frequently enjoy satisfying work, steady incomes, and consistent demand for their services.

How Long is HVAC Trade School?

It typically takes eight to 24 months to complete a post-secondary program in HVAC technology, depending on whether you choose a certificate, diploma, or associate degree program. HVAC apprenticeships can last up to five years.

Program Options

Certificate or diploma programs in HVAC technology typically last one year or less, though some take up to two years. Some shorter programs focus on one specific area, such as air conditioning technology or residential heating and cooling. They offer a quick way to enter the trade.

Associate degree programs are generally designed to last about two years. They are similar to HVAC certificate and diploma programs but tend to offer a broader scope of training, including several general education courses that can give you a more well-rounded experience. Completing a program at this level can make you a stronger candidate for supervisory roles once you have some experience.

HVAC apprenticeships can last up to five years. Some companies are willing to hire apprentices and provide all the training on the job. Trade associations or plumbing or sheet metal unions often sponsor formal HVAC apprenticeships that consist of technical lessons and paid workplace training.

Typical Courses Included in HVAC Training

Depending on the HVAC or HVAC/R program you choose, you may receive instruction in subjects such as:

• Interpretation of mechanical drawings and diagrams
• General theories of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration
• Principles of electric, gas, and oil heat
• Airflow and indoor air quality
• Basic electricity
• Heating fuels
• Heat pumps
• Thermostats
• Refrigerant types
• Piping
• Soldering and brazing
• Venting and duct systems
• Installation and service
• Troubleshooting and problem-solving
• Building codes
• Safety practices

Many HVAC training programs that are accredited by an industry organization use the Industry Competency Exams (ICE) as exit tests for students. Depending on the program you choose, you might have to take one or more of the three tests that are available as part of the ICE.

The different testing areas are:

• Residential air conditioning and heating
• Light commercial air conditioning and heating
• Commercial refrigeration

Skills You Can Learn in Your HVAC Training

You could begin learning how to:

• Read and understand blueprints
• Set up, troubleshoot, and maintain residential and commercial equipment and systems
• Calculate loads in BTUs (British thermal units)
• Braze and solder pipes and fittings
• Connect electrical wiring
• Handle refrigerants
• Follow safety protocols

HVAC Licensing & Certification

Licensing and certification requirements for HVAC technicians depend on where they live, the specific types of systems they work with, and whether they intend to be their own boss.

HVAC Licensing

Many, but not all, states have licensing requirements for HVAC technicians. (In some cases, licensing is required at the local rather than state level.) Becoming licensed often requires passing an exam. Plus, some states require you to have completed the equivalent of an apprenticeship program or two to five years of on-the-job experience before applying for a license to legally work on your own.

Additionally, most states require you to get a special license if you're aiming to work as an HVAC contractor.

HVAC Certification

Some HVAC certifications are required; others are voluntary. However, even voluntary certifications can help you advance in your career since most employers like to see official acknowledgment of your competencies.

Section 608 of the Clean Air Act of 1990 requires anyone who services equipment that uses specific refrigerants to take a test to prove that they know how to properly handle, recycle, and dispose of materials that can damage the ozone layer. The Section 608 certification exam is a written test administered by various organizations approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), including unions, building groups, trade schools, and contractor associations.

Many formal HVAC programs prepare their students to take the EPA Section 608 Universal certification test.

Technicians who work on air conditioning systems in motor vehicles must complete Section 609 certification.

The EPA does not require additional certifications for technicians working with R-410A refrigerant. However, since this type of refrigerant is used at a much higher vapor pressure and, therefore, requires different tools, equipment, and safety standards, some trade schools and training providers offer classes related to R-410A.

Other types of voluntary professional certifications are designed to verify the real-world skills and working knowledge of technicians who have had at least a year or two of on-the-job experience. Independent organizations offer certification in many specialty areas, such as residential and commercial air conditioning, heat pump service and installation, gas heat, electric heat, oil furnaces, hydronics, air distribution, and commercial refrigeration.

The two most recognized providers of professional-level certifications in the American HVAC/R industry are HVAC Excellence and North American Technician Excellence (NATE).

HVAC Training FAQs

How can I prepare for an HVAC program?

Taking high school courses in subjects such as mechanical drawing, basic electronics, math, computer science, and applied physics and chemistry can be helpful. It can also be beneficial to gain some basic knowledge of electrical and plumbing work.

What are the HVAC apprenticeship requirements?

Generally speaking, HVAC apprentices must:

• Be at least 18
• Hold a high school diploma or equivalent credential
• Be comfortable with algebra
• Have a valid driver's license
• Pass a drug screen

Keep in mind that apprenticeship openings are often highly competitive. Completing an HVAC program at a technical college or trade school can give you a leg up on the competition when applying for a registered apprenticeship.

HVAC Training Is a Reliable Way to Get Started

Formal HVAC training can be an excellent first step if you're eager for a career in this diverse and reliable trade. By completing an HVAC program at a trade school or vocational college, you can develop hands-on skills, receive help from knowledgeable pros, and get ready for important industry certifications.

Featured HVAC Trade School Locations:

• Florida
• Michigan
• New Jersey
• Ohio
• Pennsylvania
• Texas